When a young person is charged with a criminal offence in Alberta, the process is very different from adult court. Youth criminal cases are governed by a separate legal framework designed to balance accountability with rehabilitation and the long-term interests of the young person.
White & Jeet Criminal Defence represents young persons and their families across Alberta, helping them understand their rights, the court process, and how to protect a youth’s future while charges are being addressed.
The Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)
Youth criminal matters in Canada are governed by the Youth Criminal Justice Act. This legislation applies to individuals aged 12 to 17 and is designed to emphasize rehabilitation, accountability proportional to the offence, and reintegration into the community.
Unlike adult criminal law, the YCJA places limits on detention, encourages alternatives to court where appropriate, and restricts the long-term consequences that youth convictions can carry.
Common Youth Criminal Charges
Young people in Alberta may face a wide range of criminal allegations, including:
- Assault and threats
- Theft and property offences
- Drug-related offences
- Weapons-related allegations
- Breaches of court-imposed conditions
Even though youth cases are treated differently, these charges can still carry serious consequences if not handled properly from the outset.
Police Interaction and Youth Rights
Youth have specific legal rights when interacting with police. Officers must explain those rights in age-appropriate language and, in many cases, notify a parent or guardian.
Charter protections still apply, including the right to counsel under section 10(b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. If these rights are not respected, it may affect how evidence can be used in court.
Release Conditions and Youth Bail
Following an arrest, a youth may be released immediately or required to attend a hearing. Release conditions are common and may restrict communication, movement, or behaviour while charges are pending.
You can learn more about how release decisions are made on our Bail Hearings page.
Privacy and Youth Records
One of the key differences in youth criminal law is privacy protection. Youth records are not public and are subject to strict access and retention rules under the YCJA.
However, certain outcomes can still impact education, travel, and employment opportunities if matters are not resolved carefully.
Why Early Legal Advice Matters
Early legal guidance is critical in youth cases. Decisions made at the beginning of the process can influence whether a matter proceeds to court, how conditions are structured, and what long-term consequences may follow.
Our defence approach focuses on protecting a youth’s legal rights while working toward outcomes that prioritize rehabilitation and future stability.
Speak With a Youth Criminal Defence Lawyer
If your child has been arrested, charged, or contacted by police, legal advice should be obtained immediately. Understanding the process early helps families make informed decisions and avoid unnecessary long-term consequences.
Contact our team through our Contact Us page to speak with an Alberta criminal defence lawyer experienced in youth criminal matters.
